Recently at a client, we needed to provide a report that was listing whether a workstation or laptop had an SSD or a spinning disk. That information had to be fed into the CMDB
Unfortunately, Windows or Configmgr 2012 does deliver out-of-the-box a way to determine a disk is spinning or solid state, and that means the information is not in the registry or WMI.
Dependencies :
Well I tried to find an easy way , and the customer required a solution that was :
– Flexible and dynamic as they where constantly upgrading physical disks to SSD and there CMDB had to be dynamically updated.
– Centrally managed code , meaning that if we needed to change anything to the code , it had to be intelligent enough to update it auto magically to all clients.
– Had to be reliable .
The solution :
– was to use a kind of detection powershell script for the SSD that we grabbed initially from here : “https://gist.github.com/grantcarthew/c74bbfd3eba167cd3a7a#file-test-ssd” but slightly altered it to fit our needs.
– The script was altered to be used with a “compliance Item” and deployed thru a “Baseline” as one of my colleagues Henrik Hoe explains here : http://blog.coretech.dk/heh/configuration-items-and-baselines-using-scripts-powershell-example/ . By using a CI , you will meet the centrally managed code part , but also the automatically way of updating the detection logic to all clients.
Forget about the old package/program way and then a way to execute the script on regular basis ( That can all be done thru the Baseline deployment)
– The script will be executed and will write a registry value SSD_Detected = 1 or 0 and the baseline will report complaint when it has an SSD detected.
<# .SYNOPSIS Detects if the passed Physical Disk Id is a Solid State Disk (SSD) or a spindle disk. Returns true for an SSD and false for anything else. .DESCRIPTION The methods used for detecting are by reading the Nominal Media Rotation Rate and Seek Penalty. These values are measured through method calls into the Kernel32.dll. If either of the Win32 DLL calls return true then the script will return false. If an exception occurs in either of the Win32 DLL calls, the return value will be dependant on the remaining call. .PARAMETER PhysicalDiskId The LUN based physical disk id. #> $Code = @" using Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles; using System; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Text; namespace Util { public class DetectSSD { // For CreateFile to get handle to drive private const uint GENERIC_READ = 0x80000000; private const uint GENERIC_WRITE = 0x40000000; private const uint FILE_SHARE_READ = 0x00000001; private const uint FILE_SHARE_WRITE = 0x00000002; private const uint OPEN_EXISTING = 3; private const uint FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL = 0x00000080; // CreateFile to get handle to drive [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)] private static extern SafeFileHandle CreateFileW( [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string lpFileName, uint dwDesiredAccess, uint dwShareMode, IntPtr lpSecurityAttributes, uint dwCreationDisposition, uint dwFlagsAndAttributes, IntPtr hTemplateFile); // For control codes private const uint FILE_DEVICE_MASS_STORAGE = 0x0000002d; private const uint IOCTL_STORAGE_BASE = FILE_DEVICE_MASS_STORAGE; private const uint FILE_DEVICE_CONTROLLER = 0x00000004; private const uint IOCTL_SCSI_BASE = FILE_DEVICE_CONTROLLER; private const uint METHOD_BUFFERED = 0; private const uint FILE_ANY_ACCESS = 0; private const uint FILE_READ_ACCESS = 0x00000001; private const uint FILE_WRITE_ACCESS = 0x00000002; private static uint CTL_CODE(uint DeviceType, uint Function, uint Method, uint Access) { return ((DeviceType << 16) | (Access << 14) | (Function << 2) | Method); } // For DeviceIoControl to check no seek penalty private const uint StorageDeviceSeekPenaltyProperty = 7; private const uint PropertyStandardQuery = 0; [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] private struct STORAGE_PROPERTY_QUERY { public uint PropertyId; public uint QueryType; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 1)] public byte[] AdditionalParameters; } [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] private struct DEVICE_SEEK_PENALTY_DESCRIPTOR { public uint Version; public uint Size; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U1)] public bool IncursSeekPenalty; } // DeviceIoControl to check no seek penalty [DllImport("kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "DeviceIoControl", SetLastError = true)] [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)] private static extern bool DeviceIoControl( SafeFileHandle hDevice, uint dwIoControlCode, ref STORAGE_PROPERTY_QUERY lpInBuffer, uint nInBufferSize, ref DEVICE_SEEK_PENALTY_DESCRIPTOR lpOutBuffer, uint nOutBufferSize, out uint lpBytesReturned, IntPtr lpOverlapped); // For DeviceIoControl to check nominal media rotation rate private const uint ATA_FLAGS_DATA_IN = 0x02; [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] private struct ATA_PASS_THROUGH_EX { public ushort Length; public ushort AtaFlags; public byte PathId; public byte TargetId; public byte Lun; public byte ReservedAsUchar; public uint DataTransferLength; public uint TimeOutValue; public uint ReservedAsUlong; public IntPtr DataBufferOffset; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 8)] public byte[] PreviousTaskFile; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 8)] public byte[] CurrentTaskFile; } [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] private struct ATAIdentifyDeviceQuery { public ATA_PASS_THROUGH_EX header; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 256)] public ushort[] data; } // DeviceIoControl to check nominal media rotation rate [DllImport("kernel32.dll", EntryPoint = "DeviceIoControl", SetLastError = true)] [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)] private static extern bool DeviceIoControl( SafeFileHandle hDevice, uint dwIoControlCode, ref ATAIdentifyDeviceQuery lpInBuffer, uint nInBufferSize, ref ATAIdentifyDeviceQuery lpOutBuffer, uint nOutBufferSize, out uint lpBytesReturned, IntPtr lpOverlapped); // For error message private const uint FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM = 0x00001000; [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)] static extern uint FormatMessage( uint dwFlags, IntPtr lpSource, uint dwMessageId, uint dwLanguageId, StringBuilder lpBuffer, uint nSize, IntPtr Arguments); // Method for no seek penalty public static bool HasSeekPenalty(string sDrive) { SafeFileHandle hDrive = CreateFileW( sDrive, 0, // No access to drive FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, IntPtr.Zero, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, IntPtr.Zero); if (hDrive == null || hDrive.IsInvalid) { string message = GetErrorMessage(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()); throw new System.Exception(message); } uint IOCTL_STORAGE_QUERY_PROPERTY = CTL_CODE( IOCTL_STORAGE_BASE, 0x500, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_ANY_ACCESS); // From winioctl.h STORAGE_PROPERTY_QUERY query_seek_penalty = new STORAGE_PROPERTY_QUERY(); query_seek_penalty.PropertyId = StorageDeviceSeekPenaltyProperty; query_seek_penalty.QueryType = PropertyStandardQuery; DEVICE_SEEK_PENALTY_DESCRIPTOR query_seek_penalty_desc = new DEVICE_SEEK_PENALTY_DESCRIPTOR(); uint returned_query_seek_penalty_size; bool query_seek_penalty_result = DeviceIoControl( hDrive, IOCTL_STORAGE_QUERY_PROPERTY, ref query_seek_penalty, (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(query_seek_penalty), ref query_seek_penalty_desc, (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(query_seek_penalty_desc), out returned_query_seek_penalty_size, IntPtr.Zero); hDrive.Close(); if (query_seek_penalty_result == false) { string message = GetErrorMessage(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()); throw new System.Exception(message); } else { return query_seek_penalty_desc.IncursSeekPenalty; } } // Method for nominal media rotation rate // (Administrative privilege is required) public static bool HasNominalMediaRotationRate(string sDrive) { SafeFileHandle hDrive = CreateFileW( sDrive, GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, // Administrative privilege is required FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, IntPtr.Zero, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, IntPtr.Zero); if (hDrive == null || hDrive.IsInvalid) { string message = GetErrorMessage(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()); throw new System.Exception(message); } uint IOCTL_ATA_PASS_THROUGH = CTL_CODE( IOCTL_SCSI_BASE, 0x040b, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_READ_ACCESS | FILE_WRITE_ACCESS); // From ntddscsi.h ATAIdentifyDeviceQuery id_query = new ATAIdentifyDeviceQuery(); id_query.data = new ushort[256]; id_query.header.Length = (ushort)Marshal.SizeOf(id_query.header); id_query.header.AtaFlags = (ushort)ATA_FLAGS_DATA_IN; id_query.header.DataTransferLength = (uint)(id_query.data.Length * 2); // Size of "data" in bytes id_query.header.TimeOutValue = 3; // Sec id_query.header.DataBufferOffset = (IntPtr)Marshal.OffsetOf( typeof(ATAIdentifyDeviceQuery), "data"); id_query.header.PreviousTaskFile = new byte[8]; id_query.header.CurrentTaskFile = new byte[8]; id_query.header.CurrentTaskFile[6] = 0xec; // ATA IDENTIFY DEVICE uint retval_size; bool result = DeviceIoControl( hDrive, IOCTL_ATA_PASS_THROUGH, ref id_query, (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(id_query), ref id_query, (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(id_query), out retval_size, IntPtr.Zero); hDrive.Close(); if (result == false) { string message = GetErrorMessage(Marshal.GetLastWin32Error()); throw new System.Exception(message); } else { // Word index of nominal media rotation rate // (1 means non-rotate device) const int kNominalMediaRotRateWordIndex = 217; if (id_query.data[kNominalMediaRotRateWordIndex] == 1) { return false; } else { return true; } } } // Method for error message private static string GetErrorMessage(int code) { StringBuilder message = new StringBuilder(255); FormatMessage( FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM, IntPtr.Zero, (uint)code, 0, message, (uint)message.Capacity, IntPtr.Zero); return message.ToString(); } } } "@ # Function CheckSSD($PhysicalDiskId) { #initialize Add-Type -TypeDefinition $Code $hasRotationRate = $true $hasSeekPenalty = $true $driveString = "\\.\PhysicalDrive" + $PhysicalDiskId #Check RotationRate try { $hasRotationRate = [Util.DetectSSD]::HasNominalMediaRotationRate([string]$driveString) } catch { #"HasNominalMediaRotationRate detection failed with the following error;" # $Error[0].Exception.Message $hasRotationRate = $true } #Check SeekPenalty try { $hasSeekPenalty = [Util.DetectSSD]::HasSeekPenalty([string]$driveString) } catch { #"HasSeekPenalty detection failed with the following error;" #$Error[0].Exception.Message $hasSeekPenalty = $true } # Only return true if the disk has no rotation rate or no seek penalty. If ($hasRotationRate -eq 0 -and $hasSeekPenalty -eq 0) { #SSD detected New-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\SYSTEM\ABPosdInstall -Name SSD_Detected -Value 1 -PropertyType DWORD -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Out-Null Return 1 } Else { #No SSD detected New-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\SYSTEM\ABPosdInstall -Name SSD_Detected -Value 0 -PropertyType DWORD -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Out-Null Return 0 } } #initialize #Default No SSD detected $ResultCheckSSD=0 #check disk 0 Try { $ResultCheckSSD=CheckSSD(0) return $ResultCheckSSD } Catch { #error then no SSD detected $ResultCheckSSD=0 }
– We will pick the value up later with a custom registry key hardware inventory extension and use that in our reporting later on. For more details on how to do it : https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/gg712290.aspx
Hope it Helps,
Kenny Buntinx
MVP Enterprise Client Management